概要
The Better Cotton Imitative (BCI), the world's largest multi-stakeholder initiative (MSI) for sustainable cotton production, is a prime example of a hybrid “cooperation-compliance” model used by some MSIs to engage farmers and on-farm workers in the global South. Using a mixed methods approach (survey data and key informant interviews), this report investigates the impacts of this hybrid model on economic, environmental, and labour conditions of farmers and on-farm workers on irrigated cotton farms in Pakistan and India. The report finds evidence that farmers participating in BCI's “cooperation-compliance” model report higher gross incomes and lower input costs than comparison farmers. However, the report finds no positive impacts upon labour conditions on cotton farms, and finds that impacts are mediated by institutional and geographic differences across study sites.