概要

Indonesia has the highest number of industrial tree plantation conflicts worldwide, with most fatalities occurring in Sumatra (Gerber 2011; Overbeek et al. 2012), and land-related conflicts are becoming a major source of lethal violence in Indonesia (IPAC 2013). This study provides an overview of industrial tree plantation conflict in Indonesia with the aim of advancing understanding of the nature of plantation-related disputes and conflicts. It develops a typology of conflicts, examines the strategies used to address the conflicts and draws lessons for conflict resolution, with particular regard to how parties involved in conflicts (and those working with them) can avoid destructive escalation of ongoing and future conflicts. Overall, the study contributes to ongoing efforts that are intended to address company-community conflicts in Indonesia's plantation sector more effectively.